FTM性同一性障害（female to male-gender identity disorder ）における安静時局所脳血流変化
縄田秀幸 精神神経学雑誌 第113巻第1号（2011）3-8頁
＞FTMでは健常女性に比較し、左前部帯状回の安静時脳血流の低下と、右島回における安静時脳血流の増加が認められた。
＞11例のFTM症例
＞全ての研究対象者には、向精神薬を含む、あらゆる薬物の常用がなく、
＞雌ラットの帯状回を破壊する研究においては、ラットが巣作りや授乳といった雌としての性役割行動を行わなくなる
＞前部帯状回と島回は、分界条床核と直接的・間接的な神経回路を有している領域である
＞前部帯状回と右島回は、自律神経系、身体知覚、そして主観的な情動など様々な神経機能に関わっていることが知られている。
＞このように、様々な身体的な知覚情報を主観的な情動と連結して扱うという特異な機能を有することから、前部帯状回と右島回は人間の身体状態のイメージ形成に不可欠な領域であるとされており、これらのことから、自己による自己の知覚、すなわち、人間における自己意識やアイデンティティーの神経基盤と成りうると考えられている
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20132527
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010 Apr;64(2):157-61. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
Regional cerebral blood flow changes in female to male gender identity disorder.
Nawata H, Ogomori K, Tanaka M, Nishimura R, Urashima H, Yano R, Takano K, Kuwabara Y.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. nawatahide@gmail.com
Abstract
AIMS: Despite a range of research on gender identity disorder (GID), at present there is no scientific consensus on whether the etiology of GID is mental or physical. In particular recent advances in the technology of neuroimaging research have led to an increased understanding of the biological basis of various mental disorders. GID also should be evaluated from this perspective. The aim of the present study was therefore to do the first trial to examine the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in GID.
METHODS: Persons considered biologically male fulfilling the GID criteria are termed male to female (MTF) and, conversely, persons considered biological female are termed female to male (FTM). We compared 11 FTM subjects and nine age- and handedness-matched female control subjects. None of the subjects was regularly taking medication and none had any kind of physical or psychiatric comorbidity. To evaluate rCBF in GID subjects and control subjects, statistical parametric mapping analysis of (99m)Tc-ethyl-cysteinate dimer single-photon emission computed tomography was used.
RESULTS: GID subjects had a significant decrease in rCBF in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and a significant increase in the right insula compared to control subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: The ACC and insula are regions that have been noted as being related to human sexual behavior and consciousness. From these findings, useful insights into the biological basis of GID were suggested.
